What is the function of metes and bounds?

The function of metes and bounds is to provide a precise method for describing land using compass headings and directions. This technique involves a description that starts at a specific point (a "monument") and describes the boundaries of the property by referencing the distance and direction to each successive point around the property. The use of compass headings is crucial, as it allows for accurate delineation of the property's perimeter, which can be particularly beneficial in rural or irregularly shaped plots of land.

While detailed area measurements can be a part of land descriptions, metes and bounds fundamentally rely on physical landmarks, distances, and directions rather than just area calculations. The technique is not specifically about mapping urban areas or annexing land, but rather about establishing clear and legally recognized boundaries for a piece of property.